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Marketing individual assignment:
Table of content
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1.0 Consumer Buyer Decision Process
Introduction
How customers make their purchase decision is a very important issue for a
companies marketers. It can bring numerous influences to companies for
establishing an appropriate marketing strategy. Therefore, the research of each stage
of buyer decision process is relevant for all the marketers. A researchers point out
that the setting up of buyer decision process model can help managers to understand
and forecast consumer behaviors, and thereby they can make effective decision for
providing more acceptable offers to customers. Kotler, Brown, Burton, Deans and
Armstrong (2010) also hold the same view and state that there are five main steps of
buyer decision process, as drawed in Figure 1. Firstly, consumer decision process
starts from realizing to distinguish factual state and desired state (problem
recognition), and then seeking useful information to solve the problem (information
search). Next evaluating and examining the information (evaluation of alternatives) ,
making the final decision on what to purchase (purchase decision) and lastly
feedback on the item purchased (post purchase behavior). The figure suggested that
consumers pass through all five stages with every purchase. But in reality purchases,
consumers often skip or reverse some of these stages. However, we use the model in
figure 1 because it shows all the considerations that arise when a consumer faces a
new and complex purchase situation like what I'm going to explain in my recent
purchase in the next few page.
Figure 1…………
Need recognition > Information search > Evaluation of alternatives > Purchase
decision > Post purchase behavior
1.1 Need recognition:
The buying process starts with need recognition where the buyer recognizes a
problem or need to buy something. The need can be triggered by internal stimuli

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when one of the person's normal needs like hunger with wanting to eat something or
thirst by wanting to drinks water. A need can also be triggered by external stimuli.
For example, an advertisement might get us to think about buying a new car.
1.2 Information search
An interested consumer may or may not search for more information. If the
consumers drive is strong and a satisfying product is near at hand, the consumer is
likely to definitely buy it. If not, the consumer may store the need in memory or
undertake an information search related to the need. for example, once i've decided i
need a new car, at the least, i will probably pay more attention to car ads, cars
owned by friends or celebrity, and talking about car. Or I may actively look for
reading material, phone friends, search in the internet, and gather information in
other ways. The amount of searching I do will depend on the strength of my drive or
desire, the amount of information i start with, the ease of obtaining information for
more information, and the satisfaction I get from searching a information. Consumers
can obtain information from several sources like personal sources which is friends
and family, commercial sources which is from advertisement , sales people or
websites, public sources which is known as the mass media and experiential
sources which is using the the product. As more information is obtained, the
consumer's awareness and knowledge of the available brands and features
increases.
1.3 Evaluation of alternatives
It is the stage of the buyer decision process in which the consumer uses information
to evaluate alternative brands in the choice set. The consumer arrives at attitudes
towards different brands through some evaluation procedure. In some case,
consumers use careful calculations and logical thinking. Sometimes consumers
make buying decisions on their own , and sometimes they turn to friends, consumer
guides or sales people for buying advice. Suppose if I wanted styling attributes of a
product , I would buy the car that I think has the best styling. But most buyers
consider several attributes, each with different importance.
1.4 Purchase decision
In the evaluation stage, the consumer ranks brands and forms purchase intentions.
Generally, the consumer's purchase decision will be to buy the most preferred brand,
but two factors can come between the purchase intention and the purchase decision.
The first factor is the attitudes of others. If someone important to me thinks that I
should buy the lowest-priced car, then the chances of my buying a more expensive

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Marketing individual assignment: Table of content xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 1.0 Consumer Buyer Decision Process Introduction How customers make their purchase decision is a very important issue for a companies marketers. It can bring numerous influences to companies for establishing an appropriate marketing strategy. Therefore, the research of each stage of buyer decision process is relevant for all the marketers. A researchers point out that the setting up of buyer decision process model can help managers to understand and forecast consumer behaviors, and thereby they can make effective decision for providing more acceptable offers to customers. Kotler, Brown, Burton, Deans and Armstrong (2010) also hold the same view and state that there are five main steps of buyer decision process, as drawed in Figure 1. Firstly, consumer decision process starts from realizing to distinguish factual state and desired state (problem recognition), and then seeking useful information to solve the problem (information search). Next evaluating and examining the information (evaluation of alternatives) , making the final decision on what to purchase (purchase decision) and lastly feedback on the item purchased (post purchase behavior). The figure suggested that consumers pass through all five stages with every purchase. But in reality purchases, consumers often skip or reverse some of these stages. However, we use the model in figure 1 because it shows all the considerations that arise when a cons ...
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