Running head: TITLE 1 Title Student Name GEN103: Information Literacy Instructor Name Month Day, Year TITLE 2 Research Question: Replace these instructions with your research question. Incorporate any feedback your instructor provided on your week 1 assignment. To learn how to view the comments on your papers watch the Waypoint: Accessing Assignment Feedback video. Thesis Statement: Replace these instructions with your thesis statement. Refer to the Writing Center’s Writing Center’s Thesis Statement Tutorial for assistance. Scholarly Article 1 Reference: Replace these instructions with the reference for the first scholarly article. Check the reference against the models provided by the Writing Center. Annotation: Replace these instructions with the annotation for the first scholarly article. Your annotation should be at least two paragraphs and it should follow the assignment instructions in the classroom. Scholarly Article 2 Reference: TITLE 3 Replace these instructions with the second scholarly article. Check the reference against the models provided by the Writing Center. Annotation: Replace these instructions with the annotation for the second scholarly article. Your annotation should be at least two paragraphs and it should follow the assignment instructions in the classroom. EBook Reference: Replace these instructions with the reference for the eBook. Check the reference against the models provided by the Writing Center. Annotation: Replace these instructions with the annotation for the eBook. Your annotation should be at least two paragraphs and it should follow the assignment instructions in the classroom. Non-Scholarly Source 1 Reference: Replace these instructions with the reference for the first non-scholarly source. Check the reference against the models provided by the Writing Center. Annotation: TITLE Replace these instructions with the annotation for the first non-scholarly source. Your annotation should be at least two paragraphs and it should follow the assignment instructions in the classroom. Non-Scholarly Source 2 Reference: Replace these instructions with the reference for the second non-scholarly source. Check the reference against the models provided by the Writing Center. Annotation: Replace these instructions with the annotation for the second non-scholarly source. Your annotation should be at least two paragraphs and it should follow the assignment instructions in the classroom. 4 Running head: MANDATORY DRUG TESTING 1 Mandatory Drug Testing Samantha M GEN103: Information Literacy Prof Daniel Hicks February 1, 2020 MANDATORY DRUG TESTING 2 Research Question: What can be done to make mandatory drug testing a sustainable solution to dealing with substance abuse among American laborers? Scholarly Article 1 Reference: Agius, R., & Kintz, P. (2010). Guidelines for European workplace drug and alcohol testing in hair. Drug testing and analysis, 2(8), 367-376. Annotation: In this article, the authors’ main claim is that the European Workplace Drug Testing Society, also abbreviated as EWDTS, offers efficient guidelines for workplace drug testing in ensuring high quality, accredited, and accurate information regarding workers’ drug use. In support of their claim, the authors provide an extensive literature review on drug testing and analysis, including eleven references from different industry writers. The authors also offer a collection of pictorial evidence, including six images for hair analysis and subsequent descriptions of the processes used in testing. For example, in the donor form that is given under the appendix, the authors argue that a donor’s details and the required analysis must be filled. They also say that the donor has to sign the declaration. Finally, they equally argue that the hair samples must be sent to the laboratory in an envelope by either a lab courier or by post. One of the sources these authors use in support of their claim is the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work. This article sufficiently supports its claim, particularly because it uses the most relevant sources and literature from industry experts. Their guidelines also fundamentally apply to MANDATORY DRUG TESTING 3 workplace substance use testing within the larger European region. These guidelines are further founded on general and established international principles, designed to enable effective drug testing process. For instance, these authors discuss the chain-of-custody procedures in the collection process, emphasizing on the integrity of samples taken to laboratories such as validity, testing, screening, and confirmation of tests. Provided that this article’s publication is within the last ten years, it is relevant since it is current and, therefore, significant to the above research question. This article is credible and authoritative because it is written by industry experts, with relevant academic credentials. One limitation noted with this article is that it does not mandate or even regulate when testing has to take place. This source is important and helps to guide the aboveidentified research question because it offers a good model for workplace substance abuse testing. Scholarly Article 2 Reference: Pidd, K., & Roche, A. M. (2014). How effective is drug testing as a workplace safety strategy? A systematic review of the evidence. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 71, 154-165. Annotation: In this article, the authors claim that the evidence in testing the effectiveness of drug testing in workplace safety strategy, in line with previous studies, is significantly weak. In efforts to test the widespread use of workplace drug testing and its efficacy, the authors undertook extensive review of previous literature. In particular, they performed a systematic review of applicable studies from 1990 through 2013. They reviewed a total of twenty-three students, six of which reported on the efficacy of testing in decreasing workers’ substance use and 17 on occupational MANDATORY DRUG TESTING 4 injury/accident rates. For instance, using databases such as Medline, Pro-Quest, and CINAHL, the authors evaluated studies by Lange et al (1994), Zhanget et al (1999), as well as Carpenter (2007). They also provide the flow chart of their search and extension process, which they name as ‘fig. 1’ in their paper. The authors also sought to determine if drug testing decreased occupational accidents and other related injuries to workers. Furthermore, they also wanted to understand whether workplace substance testing could deter workers from abusing drugs. This article sufficiently supports its claim by broadly performing a comprehensive literature review of previous and related studies. Additionally, it also adequately supports its claim because studies reviewed are written by field professionals. The information contained in this article is relevant and current because it was published in 2016, which is within the required span of ten years. In terms of credibility and authority, this article has been written by people with relevant industry and academic credentials. For instance, both authors are scholars at Flinders University. One of the major noted limitations from this article is that the authors restrict themselves to a specific number of reviewed sources; perhaps they should have reviewed 30 articles. However, this source remains important to the above-identified research question because it addresses fundamental concerns associated with drug testing and substance abuse in workplace setting. EBook Reference: Macdonald, S., & Roman, P. (Eds.). (2012). Drug testing in the workplace (Vol. 11). Springer Science & Business Media. Retrieved from MANDATORY DRUG TESTING 5 https://books.google.co.ke/books?hl=en&lr=&id=4aDaBwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA3&dq=dru g+and+alcohol+testing+in+the+workplace&ots=VFaDkTiSQb&sig=_2apzyDDnswAK7fjA95n EgTjaoo&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=drug%20and%20alcohol%20testing%20in%20the%20wo rkplace&f=false Annotation: In their book, Macdonald and Roman (2012) proclaim that drug use among the North American workers pose increasingly significant social as well as economic consequences. In other words, the authors the use of both illicit and licit drugs in this region is an obvious concern that must be addressed the problems experienced by users. In support of their claim, the authors have also used a number of previous studies, including that of Gerstein and Grossman (1989), Backer (1987), as well as Roman (1990) among others. Furthermore, they have also given appropriate statistics and supported them with reliable sources from different literatures, including book and journals. Regarding this source’s adequacy in supporting the author’s claims, a comprehensive literature of previous and topic related studies has been provided. In this sense, the authors have analyzed studies from 1987 through 2000s, and therefore, completely giving a complete overview of drug use testing in the workplace. Besides, this source is also current because its publication date is 2012, which falls within the required current time span of ten years. In terms of credibility and authority, this source’s authors are field professional, with prerequisite academic credentials. A major limitation of this source is that it uses a secondary rather than primary collection method. Nevertheless, it helps to answer the above-identified research question because it addresses the use of drugs among employees in the workplace. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Find two appropriate non-scholarly sources using a search engine such as Google or Bing. Create APA references for the non-scholarly sources. Write annotations for the two non-scholarly sources. Include references and annotations for the sources from Week 3. Develop a thesis statement based on your research question. The non-scholarly source may be any of these types of sources: • • • • A newspaper or magazine article (not an editorial). An article from a professional organization website or trade journal (e.g., science, medical, etc.). An article or report from a .gov website. A blog post written by an expert on the topic. The non-scholarly source may not be • • • A book or book chapter. A scholarly article. A reference source (e.g., encyclopedia, almanac, dictionary). Now, you will write annotation for the two sources. The annotations must be in your own words, two paragraphs long, and address the points below. Provide brief descriptions, explanations or examples to support your answers. Paragraph 1: • • • • What kind of source is this? What is the thesis or main claim of the source? What evidence or claims does the source present in support of the thesis? Present at least two examples of support the source uses. What other important claims does the source make? Paragraph 2: Evaluate • • • • • How adequately does the source support its thesis? How current is the information in the source relative to your research question? How credible and authoritative is the source for your research question? What limitations, if any, did you note in the source? How does the source help answer your research question? Running head: MANDATORY DRUG TESTING 1 Mandatory Drug Testing Samantha Mills-McClean GEN103: Information Literacy Prof Daniel Hicks February 1, 2020 Research Question: [no notes on this page] -1- MANDATORY DRUG TESTING 2 1 What can be done to make mandatory drug testing a sustainable solution to dealing with substance abuse among American laborers? Scholarly Article 1 Reference: Agius, R., & Kintz, P. (2010). Guidelines for European workplace drug and alcohol testing in hair. Drug testing and analysis, 2(8), 367-376. Annotation: In this article, the authors’ main claim is that the European Workplace Drug Testing Society, also abbreviated as EWDTS, offers efficient guidelines for workplace drug testing in ensuring high quality, accredited, and accurate information regarding workers’ drug use. In support of their claim, the authors provide an extensive literature review on drug testing and analysis, including eleven references from different industry writers. The authors also offer a collection of pictorial evidence, including six images for hair analysis and subsequent descriptions of the processes used in testing. For example, in the donor form that is given under the appendix, the authors argue that a donor’s details and the required analysis must be filled. They also say that the donor has to sign the declaration. Finally, they equally argue that the hair samples must be sent to the laboratory in an envelope by either a lab courier or by post. One of the sources these authors use in support of their claim is the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work. This article sufficiently supports its claim, particularly because it uses the most relevant sources and literature from industry experts. Their guidelines also fundamentally apply to workplace substance use testing within the larger European region. These guidelines are further -2- 1. to "for" [Daniel Hicks] MANDATORY DRUG TESTING 3 founded on general and established international principles, designed to enable effective drug testing process. For instance, these authors discuss the chain-of-custody procedures in the collection process, emphasizing on the integrity of samples taken to laboratories such as validity, testing, screening, and confirmation of tests. Provided that this article’s publication is within the last ten years, it is relevant since it is current and, therefore, significant to the above research question. This article is credible and authoritative because it is written by industry experts, with 1 relevant academic credentials. One limitation noted with this article is that it does not mandate or even regulate when testing has to take place. This source is important and helps to guide the above-identified research question because it offers a good model for workplace substance abuse testing. Scholarly Article 2 Reference: Pidd, K., & Roche, A. M. (2014). How effective is drug testing as a workplace safety strategy? A systematic review of the evidence. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 71, 154-165. Annotation: In this article, the authors claim that the evidence in testing the effectiveness of drug testing in workplace safety strategy, in line with previous studies, is significantly weak. In efforts to test the widespread use of workplace drug testing and its efficacy, the authors undertook extensive review of previous literature. In particular, they performed a systematic review of applicable studies from 1990 through 2013. They reviewed a total of twenty-three students, six of which reported on the efficacy of testing in decreasing workers’ substance use and 17 on -3- 1. credentials. The paper could have elaborated on the precise nature of these credentials [Daniel Hicks] MANDATORY DRUG TESTING 4 occupational injury/accident rates. For instance, using databases such as Medline, Pro-Quest, and CINAHL, the authors evaluated studies by Lange et al (1994), Zhanget et al (1999), as well as Carpenter (2007). They also provide the flow chart of their search and extension process, which they name as ‘fig. 1’ in their paper. The authors also sought to determine if drug testing decreased occupational accidents and other related injuries to workers. Furthermore, they also wanted to understand whether workplace substance testing could deter workers from abusing drugs. This article sufficiently supports its claim by broadly performing a comprehensive literature review of previous and related studies. Additionally, it also adequately supports its claim because studies reviewed are written by field professionals. The information contained in this article is relevant and current because it was published in 2016, which is within the required span of ten years. In terms of credibility and authority, this article has been written by people 1 with relevant industry and academic credentials. For instance, both authors are scholars at Flinders University. One of the major noted limitations from this article is that the authors restrict themselves to a specific number of reviewed sources; perhaps they should have reviewed 30 articles. However, this source remains important to the above-identified research question because it addresses fundamental concerns associated with drug testing and substance abuse in workplace setting. EBook Reference: -4- 1. scholars What is their field of expertise? [Daniel Hicks] MANDATORY DRUG TESTING 5 Macdonald, S., & Roman, P. (Eds.). (2012). Drug testing in the workplace (Vol. 11). Springer Science & Business Media. Retrieved from https://books.google.co.ke/books? hl=en&lr=&id=4aDaBwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA3&dq=drug+and+alcohol+testing+in+the+w orkplace&ots=VFaDkTiSQb&sig=_2apzyDDnswAK7fjA95nEgTjaoo&redir_esc=y#v=onepage &q=drug%20and%20alcohol%20testing%20in%20the%20workplace&f=false Annotation: In their book, Macdonald and Roman (2012) proclaim that drug use among the North 1 American workers pose increasingly significant social as well as economic consequences. In other words, the authors the use of both illicit and licit drugs in this region is an obvious concern 2 that must be addressed the problems experienced by users. In support of their claim, the authors 1. pose "poses" [Daniel Hicks] 2. an obvious concern that must be addressed the problems experienced by users. The wording here is off [Daniel Hicks] 3 have also used a number of previous studies, including that of Gerstein and Grossman (1989), Backer (1987), as well as Roman (1990) among others. Furthermore, they have also given appropriate statistics and supported them with reliable sources from different literatures, including book and journals. Regarding this source’s adequacy in supporting the author’s claims, a comprehensive literature of previous and topic related studies has been provided. In this sense, the authors have analyzed studies from 1987 through 2000s, and therefore, completely giving a complete overview of drug use testing in the workplace. Besides, this source is also current because its publication date is 2012, which falls within the required current time span of ten years. In terms of credibility and authority, this source’s authors are field professional, with prerequisite academic credentials. A major limitation of this source is that it uses a secondary rather than primary collection method. Nevertheless, it helps to answer the above-identified research question because it addresses the use of drugs among employees in the workplace. -5- 3. studies, What were the nature of these studies? [Daniel Hicks] MANDATORY DRUG TESTING 6 1 1. Note that the assignment required copying and pasting a transcript of a library tutorial [Daniel Hicks] -6-
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