A Brief History of Humankind Sapiens
Yuval Noah Harari
Contributed by Tereasa Jacob
Chapter 20
Summary

The chapter generally asserts that sapiens are subject to natural selection processes, chemical reactions and physical forces like other organisms. The natural selection had given humankind some limitation, which man transcends today due to intelligent design. In summation, the chapter says that introduction of biological engineering, innovations and inventions have enabled humankind to transcend some of the limitations or boundaries that were put to them naturally by natural selection.

Analysis

“The end of Homo sapiens” phrase coined by Harari suggests that humankind is entering another stage as far as evolution is concerned. The human societies are an advanced stage, where science seems to control every aspect of human life. Take the example of robotics, the robots are seemingly going to replace sapiens, and Prof. Harari could be suggesting that with time, even the only human species remaining could be replaced in the future.

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