Please read the instructions in the file attached and write at least 400 words response for the 2 questions asked in the file. Read carefully and answer the two question fully. I can give you the access for the book (Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts ) to help you answering the discussion.

Research Papers:You will be required to write a 2000 word (double spaced) research paper about an artistic topic you find interesting as long as it relates to material covered in the class. The paper must be properly footnoted, (Chicago Style is preferred), and submitted with a bibliography which states a minimum of 4 sources, and is written according to a college level writing manual.I will not accept any papers WITHOUT properly cited sources.The internet can be used as a source to get to article sources found through your electronic library catalogue. If you choose the internet as source material, please provide me with the exact URLs of the pages from which you have taken your information. Use academic sources, such as .edu and .org sites.Paper Topics:My topic is The Art of Egypt The research topic should be something you find interesting and should reach beyond what has been addressed in your text, or in class. Even if you choose an artist or art work that we have already discussed in class, try to take your research beyond what we already know. The purpose of your paper is to inform the reader of the artist or the art work or the artistic period in context of its time in a convincing voice, assuming that the reader knows little or nothing about your topic. Please remember that conjecture is not an option. Your focus must be on the art as seen in context of social, political, or religious concerns. Stay within the era we are studying in this course!!!Images: To further make your point include some images of the art or architecture. Small format only! Just like your book, images provide the reader with visual information, which furthers the depth of the text.Citations: Footnotes or Parenthetical?Whenever you read a passage from a book, which you find useful in your paper, you must re-write it with your own words, and then cite the source from where the information came. For general citations, you must cite the source every time you use it showing each page used. For example, our textbook "Gardners Art throughout the Ages " pg. 135, and 187 are two different source pages that must be cited.If you choose to quote someone directly, you must cite the precise source immediately after the citation.i.e. “Cogito, ergo, sum - I think, therefore I am.” here you insert the footnote which shows as a small number next to the quote and appears at the bottom of your page (your computer does it for you) or you can use parenthetical notes, such as this: (Descartes: Discourse on Methods, 1637), meaning you place the citation in parenthesis after the quote.CAUTION: Direct citations can only be used to underscore a point you are making and cannot be longer than a sentence, or very short paragraph. DO NOT quote entire pages. You must paraphrase!A paper without properly documented sources will be considered plagiarized. If you do not cite your sources I will not accept your paper. You may have a chance to re-write it, but since I don't start reading papers until after the deadline, any revision to add your sources would make your paper late, and thus subject to a drop in grade.Bibliography: Additionally, you are required to prepare a bibliography showing all sources used in your paper. This is different from the citation. Please consult a research paper writing guide to learn about the difference.

EBOOK LINK (https://books.google.com/books?id=MT5-BAAAQBAJ&pri...) Many of the questions are opinion based 1. Illustrated Masks The Mask of Hanuman represents the white monkey in the Thai story of the Ramayana or Ramakien. In what ways are animals figured in our cultural stories? Why do you think there is a pervasive use of animals to tell human stories?2.Picturesque Postcards Scenic vacation destinations are frequently depicted in postcard form to sell to tourists so they can remember the beautiful and exotic scenery that once surrounded them before they headed back to an all too familiar reality of home. But certainly home can be scenic and beautiful as well! How is your community represented in postcards? If it is not represented, how might it be represented?3.Symbol of Purity According to Cooper in An Illustrated Encyclopaedia of Traditional Symbols, the unicorn is represented in numerous cultures, such as Egyptian, Greco-Roman, Chinese, and Iranian. The unicorn symbolizes such things as the moon and lunar elements, the feminine principle to the male principle of the lion, virtue, the guardian of the Tree of Life, gentleness, good will, royalty, strength and power. Overall, the unicorn symbolizes all that is good and gentle. In the medieval tapestry The Unicorn in Captivity , the unicorn is infused with Christian meanings, such as the virgin Mary and the divinity of Jesus. How did the unicorn come to be? Why is the unicorn seen as such a benevolent, good, pure creature? What are some other symbols associated with purity and goodness?4.Manure as Serious Art Chris Ofili’s work has been controversial in large part because of his use of elephant dung. This chapter shows Monkey Magic – Sex, Money and Drugs. Other works that include dung are No Woman No Cry and the highly publicized controversy surrounding his Holy Virgin Mary at the Brooklyn Museum of Art in 1999. Ofili chemically treats the dung to prevent odor and flies. He initially got his idea of using dung on a trip to Africa, and now he gets his materials from the London Zoo. What does dung represent? (think about what manure is used for) Why has his work been met with such controversy?5.Large Scale Earthworks Works such as Spider , Serpent (or Snake) Mound , and Spiral Jetty can only be looked at in its entirety by looking at it from above, such as from an airplane. These works are in out of the way places. Why go through all the trouble of creating a large scale work if it can only be seen from the sky? How were ancient cultures, such as the Nazca in Peru, able to construct their animal works without any kind of technological aid? Today, some drawings are done in cornfields at the end of harvest. Why construct these short lived drawings? Would these cornfield drawings be considered art? Why or why not? In the case of Walter de Maria’s Lightning Field , a visitor needs to gain special permission to access his out of the way earthwork, and it’s not certain what exactly will happen. How is it considered art if the work itself depends on the elements?6. Impressionist Intentions Claude Monet was very interested in painting outside showing the effects of light during atmospheric conditions and different times of day. Environmental Concerns Ansel Adams was a board member of the Sierra Club and was quite interested in preserving land by setting it aside as a National Park. He wrote letters to prominent people, including presidents, toured the land, petitioned for legislation, and photographed the beautiful, pristine landscape, all in an effort to have that land saved. How does art help us understand and appreciate our environment?